| Hidayatullah II هداية الله ٢ | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seri Sultan | |||||
 Hidayatullah II painting, 1865. | |||||
| Sultan of Banjar | |||||
| Reign | September 1859 – 2 March 1862 | ||||
| Predecessor | Tamjidillah II | ||||
| Successor | Prince Antasari | ||||
| Mangkubhumi of Banjar | |||||
| Reign | 9 Oktober 1856 – 5 Februari 1860 | ||||
| Predecessor | Prince Tamjidillah | ||||
| Successor | Prince Wirakasuma | ||||
| Born | Gusti Andarun 1822 Martapura, Sultanate of Banjar | ||||
| Died | 24 November 1904 (aged 81–82) Cianjur, Parahyangan, Dutch East Indies | ||||
| Spouses |
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| Issue |
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| House | House of Banjarmasin | ||||
| Father | Crown Prince Abdur Rahman | ||||
| Mother | Princess Siti Mariama[2][3] | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
Hidayatullah II (1822 – 24 November 1904) was the Sultan of Banjar who ruled between 1859 and 1862 and the main figure who led the opposition faction in the Banjarmasin War, a conflict between the Sultanate of Banjar and the Dutch East Indies which began with a struggle for the throne of the sultanate.[2][4]
Born as the son of Crown Prince Abdur Rahman, Gusti Andarun was the prime candidate for heir to the throne of the Banjar Sultanate to succeed his grandfather, Adam of Banjar. However, the position was instead filled by his half-brother Tamjidullah II who received support from the Dutch East Indies government.[5] This incident caused conflict within the sultanate family, where there was a camp supporting Tamjidullah who was close to the Dutch and a camp supporting Gusti Andarun who did not agree with the decision of the Dutch East Indies government.[2] To reduce the tension, in 1856 the Dutch East Indies government appointed Gusti Andarun as mangkubhumi with the title Prince Hidayatullah.[6][7]
However, this could not ease the tension between the noble families, the people, and the Dutch East Indies government. This tension also became the trigger for the start of the Banjarmasin War, where on April 18, 1859, Banjar troops led by Prince Antasari attacked the Oranje Nassau Coal Mine in Pengaron (now the north-central part of Banjar Regency).[8][9] The colonial government then impeached Tamjidillah II and tried to crown Hidayatullah as sultan, but Hidayatullah refused the offer. He himself was crowned by the Banjar commanders as sultan in September 1859.[10][11]
He led the Banjar War until 1862, when he and his family were captured by the Dutch East Indies.[12] Sultan Hidayatullah II and his family and some of his followers were then exiled to Cianjur, where he spent the rest of his life until his death in 1904.[13] For his anti-imperialist stance and his leadership in fighting the Dutch East Indies government in the Banjar War, in 1999 the government of the Republic of Indonesia awarded him the Bintang Mahaputera Utama.[14][15][16][17]
- ^ van Rees, Willem Adriaan (1865). De bandjermasinsche krijg van 1859-1863. Vol. 2. D. A. Thieme. p. 162.
- ^ a b c Sjamsuddin, Helius (2001). Pegustian & Temenggung Akar Sosial, Politik, Etnis, dan Dinasti Perlawanan di Kalimantan Selatan dan Kalimantan Tengah 1859–1906 (in Indonesian). Balai Pustaka & Penerbit Ombak. p. 120. ISBN 979666626X. ISBN 978-979-666-626-3
- ^ http://silsilahkayutangi.blogspot.com/p/silsilah-kiai-adipati-singasari-raja.html
- ^ Kiai Bondan, Amir Hasan (1953). Suluh Sedjarah Kalimantan (in Indonesian). Bandjarmasin: Fadjar. p. 38.
- ^ Ratna, Dewi (2016-06-18). Ratna, Dewi (ed.). "Sejarah kekacauan di Istana Banjar karena campur tangan Belanda". Merdeka.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2021-06-18.
- ^ Sejarah perlawanan terhadap imperialisme dan kolonialisme di Kalimantan Selatan (in Indonesian). Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Direktorat Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional, Proyek Inventarisasi dan Dokumentasi Sejarah Nasional. 1983.
- ^ "Pangeran Hidayatullah dan Pertempuran Sengit di Gunung Pamaton". Sindonews.com (in Indonesian). 2017-03-18. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
- ^ Matanasi, Petrik. "Saat Pangeran Antasari Menyerang Tambang Asing". Tirto (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2021-06-19.
- ^ "Ketika Perang Banjar Berkecamuk". Republika Online (in Indonesian). 2019-03-25. Retrieved 2021-06-20.
- ^ "19 Juni 1861 : Sultan Hidayatullah Pimpin Perlawanan Terhadap Belanda di Gunung Pamaton". Koran Makassar (in Indonesian). 2021-06-18. Retrieved 2021-06-20.
- ^ "Tokoh Sentral Perang Banjar, Pangeran Hidayat dan Tipu Muslihat Belanda". jejakrekam.com (in Indonesian). 2018-09-27. Retrieved 2021-06-20.
- ^ "Sejarah Perang Banjar: Penyebab, Tokoh, & Aksi Pangeran Antasari". Tirto.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2021-06-29.
- ^ "Empat Raja yang Dibuang ke Cianjur". Historia - Majalah Sejarah Populer Pertama di Indonesia (in Indonesian). 2017-07-11. Retrieved 2021-07-02.
- ^ "Hari Ini di 1861 HIdayatullah Bertempur Melawan Belanda di Gunung Pamaton". Republika Online (in Indonesian). 2013-06-19. Retrieved 2021-06-09.
- ^ M. Idwar Saleh, Sri Sutjiatiningsih (1993). Pangeran Antasari (in Indonesian). Indonesia: Proyek lnventarisasi dan Dokumentasi Sejarah Nasional: Pusat Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya, Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. p. 18.
- ^ Kielstra, Egbert Broer (1892). De ondergang van het Bandjermasinsche rijk (in Dutch). E.J. Brill. p. 85.
- ^ C. E. van Kesteren, R. A. van Sandick, J. E. de Meyier (1891). De Indische gids (in Dutch). Vol. 13. J. H. de Bussy. p. 821.
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